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Graphene: ecosystem map

Sources, processing routes, and the applications graphene enables.

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4Raw sources
18Processing routes
1Advanced materials
27End applications
RAW SOURCESINTERMEDIATEPROCESSINGADVANCED MATERIALSEND APPLICATIONSPetroleumMineralBiomassOtherBiomaterialsCaptured CO₂Carbon Bearing GasesCoalIndustrial by-productsLigninNatural GraphitePetroleum ProductsPitchPlasticsSynthetic GraphiteBall Milling /MechanochemicalCavitationChemical ExfoliationCVDElectrochemicalExfoliationEpitaxial GrowthFlash Joule HeatingGraphitizationHigh Shear MixingHummers or ModifiedHummers MethodLaser AblationLaser Induced GrapheneLiquid ExfoliationMechanical CleavagePlasmaPyrolysisSonicationThermal ExfoliationGrapheneAerospaceAsphaltAutomotiveBatteriesCoatingsCompositesConcreteConductive InksConstructionDefense RelatedElectronicsEMI ShieldingEnergy GenerationHealthcareHydrogenLubricantsMembranes & FiltrationOil & GasOptoelectronicsPackagingPlastics (Application)PolymersRubber & SyntheticsSensorsSporting GoodsTextilesThermal Management
Raw Sources
Intermediate
Processing
Advanced Materials
End Applications

The above is for illustration purposes only and does not represent every possible data point.