Chitosan hydrogel enhances red blood cell sensors

A recent study in the Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts explores a novel approach to enhance the stability and functionality of red blood cell membranes in biosensors using chitosan hydrogel. The study addresses the challenge of maintaining biological activity in artificial materials by employing a bio-based strategy where chitosan hydrogel acts as a stabilizing matrix.

The research highlights the interaction between the positively charged chitosan network and the negatively charged components of red blood cell membranes. This electrostatic interaction allows the hydrogel to anchor the membranes effectively, preserving their fluidity and the conformation of membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase (AChE).

To further improve the biosensor's performance, carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes were incorporated into the hydrogel matrix. These conductive nanomaterials enhanced electron transfer pathways while maintaining biocompatibility, combining the molecular recognition capabilities of natural membranes with the electrochemical benefits of engineered materials.

The biosensor demonstrated stable operation, retaining 85.8% of its original electrochemical response after seven days of continuous testing. It was successfully applied to detect organophosphate pesticides in agricultural samples, such as apples, oranges, and tomatoes, showcasing its potential for food safety and environmental monitoring.

Organophosphate pesticides are known for their insecticidal properties but pose health risks due to their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity. Traditional detection methods face challenges with sensitivity and signal interference, whereas electrochemical biosensing offers rapid response and high specificity, making it suitable for portable monitoring technologies.

This study demonstrates a new method for constructing stable biomimetic interfaces by integrating chitosan hydrogel, conductive nanomaterials, and functional biological membranes. The findings suggest expanded applications for natural polysaccharides in environmental sensing and bio-integrated functional materials.